28JC: RNA polymerase II

RNA polymerase II bound to RPAP2 and Gdown1. Determined by electron microscopy at 2.94 Å resolution. Released 19 Aug 2026.

Method
Electron microscopy
Resolution
2.94 Å
Organism
Homo sapiens
Chains
14
Atoms
29,492
Mol. weight
629.19 kDa
Ligands
ZN
Released
19 Aug 2026

Explore 28JC in 3D Show helices and sheets RCSB PDB PDBe

Secondary structure: helices and β-sheets

28JC contains 166 α-helices and 202 β-strands across 14 chains. Residue ranges use author residue numbering, as in the PDB file, from PDBe. To see them in 3D, choose the Cartoon representation with Secondary structure coloring: helices, sheets and coils get different colors.

Chain A: 53 helices, 57 β-strands

ElementResiduesLengthSheet
β-strand365-366222
β-strand367-369323
β-strand377-380423
α-helix382-3876
β-strand389-393524
α-helix399-40810
β-strand416-420524
β-strand426-428324
α-helix435-4384
β-strand445-449524
α-helix4501
β-strand455-458423
β-strand470-476723
β-strand482-484323
β-strand500-501222
β-strand504123
α-helix509-51810
α-helix542-5487
β-strand554-555225
α-helix557-5659
α-helix573-5742
β-strand575110
α-helix576-5772
β-strand57918
β-strand58518
β-strand586-587225
α-helix588-5958
β-strand602-605426
α-helix611-6144
β-strand627-631526
β-strand634-637426
α-helix642-6454
α-helix652-6598
α-helix662-68322
α-helix689-6924
α-helix693-6953
α-helix696-72126
α-helix726-7283
α-helix733-75927
α-helix765-7728
α-helix778-7858
β-strand789-790227
β-strand793128
β-strand796128
α-helix817-8204
β-strand822-823227
α-helix833-86735
β-strand872-873229
β-strand879-880229
β-strand886-888329
α-helix891-8933
β-strand896130
β-strand902-905431
α-helix913-9197
α-helix927-9337
β-strand934132
α-helix936-9438
α-helix946-96924
β-strand976-979431
α-helix983-99311
α-helix10011
β-strand1002132
α-helix1006-101914
α-helix1028-103710
α-helix1039-104810
α-helix1051-10533
α-helix1054-10585
α-helix1062-107918
β-strand1080130
α-helix1081-10822
α-helix1087-109610
α-helix1121-11288
β-strand1139133
β-strand1142134
β-strand1143135
α-helix1145-11484
α-helix1151-116111
β-strand1164-1165236
α-helix1166-11694
β-strand1170-1176715
β-strand1177137
α-helix1191-11966
β-strand1207138
β-strand1210137
β-strand1214-1216315
α-helix1218-12247
α-helix1228-123811
β-strand1243-1247515
α-helix1248-12492
β-strand1255-1261715
β-strand1262138
α-helix1281-129515
β-strand1297-1299336
β-strand1304-1307433
β-strand1310134
β-strand1319-1322439
β-strand1328-1331439
β-strand1335134
β-strand1338-1340333
α-helix1343-13464
β-strand1352135
β-strand1359133
α-helix1362-13687
α-helix1371-138717
α-helix1395-140612
β-strand140812
α-helix1411-14122
β-strand1471-147555
α-helix1477-14804
β-strand148414
Chain B: 46 helices, 65 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
α-helix19-3618
α-helix41-499
α-helix50-545
α-helix55-606
α-helix63-642
β-strand65-67321
β-strand83-88621
β-strand92-93221
β-strand97-99340
β-strand105-107340
α-helix110-1167
β-strand121-1331321
β-strand141-1531321
α-helix168-1736
β-strand185-187341
β-strand190-193441
β-strand196-200542
α-helix2011
β-strand205-209543
β-strand215-223943
β-strand233-240843
β-strand256-258343
β-strand263144
β-strand267-268243
α-helix269-2768
α-helix281-2888
α-helix297-3015
α-helix302-3076
α-helix314-3229
β-strand325144
α-helix332-34110
α-helix342-3465
α-helix358-37720
α-helix381-3844
β-strand391-394442
α-helix396-42328
α-helix431-4344
α-helix437-45014
β-strand453145
β-strand463145
β-strand468-469241
α-helix4701
α-helix475-4828
β-strand484-486342
α-helix492-4954
α-helix503-5053
β-strand509146
β-strand523-525342
β-strand526146
β-strand531-532247
α-helix539-54810
β-strand551148
α-helix553-5553
α-helix558-5614
β-strand565-569548
β-strand572-577648
α-helix580-59213
β-strand604-606348
β-strand611-613348
β-strand621-627747
β-strand628149
β-strand633149
α-helix637-6448
α-helix646-6483
α-helix653-6586
β-strand662-666547
α-helix669-6724
β-strand675-676247
α-helix679-6835
β-strand695-696247
α-helix700-7034
α-helix719-73113
β-strand732150
β-strand748-751419
β-strand759-760251
β-strand776-782752
β-strand793-797552
α-helix798-8025
β-strand808-811419
β-strand814-817419
β-strand826-829453
β-strand839153
β-strand848154
β-strand853155
β-strand854154
α-helix8551
β-strand859-860219
β-strand867155
β-strand869-872453
β-strand890-891253
β-strand894155
β-strand902-9111019
β-strand917-9271119
β-strand934-936352
β-strand943-949752
β-strand965-967352
α-helix969-9713
α-helix978-99316
α-helix9961
β-strand997-998251
α-helix1008-10158
α-helix1016-10183
β-strand1025-1026252
α-helix10281
β-strand1029156
α-helix10301
β-strand1036156
α-helix10371
β-strand1041-10501052
β-strand1051150
α-helix1056-10605
Chain C: 12 helices, 13 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
β-strand8-14757
β-strand18-24757
α-helix28-3912
β-strand44-551220
α-helix61-7010
β-strand72120
β-strand73158
α-helix78-814
β-strand99-106820
α-helix1121
β-strand113-116459
α-helix117-1193
β-strand121-122220
β-strand129158
α-helix130-1323
α-helix147-1482
β-strand149-153559
β-strand158-1681120
α-helix174-1763
β-strand179-185757
α-helix200-2023
α-helix204-2063
α-helix218-2203
β-strand229-235757
α-helix241-27030
Chain D: 8 helices, 0 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
α-helix25-284
α-helix34-5017
α-helix59-7012
α-helix77-8812
α-helix94-10310
α-helix108-1147
α-helix118-1203
α-helix124-13714
Chain E: 11 helices, 9 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
α-helix4-2320
β-strand26-2721
α-helix30-334
α-helix37-437
α-helix56-583
β-strand60-6451
β-strand71-7551
α-helix84-9714
β-strand101-10551
α-helix112-1209
β-strand126-13051
α-helix132-1354
β-strand147-15042
α-helix151-1522
α-helix153-16311
α-helix1711
β-strand172-17322
α-helix178-1836
β-strand190-19672
β-strand202-20982
Chain F: 2 helices, 5 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
β-strand5613
α-helix59-7416
β-strand7914
α-helix89-9911
β-strand104-10965
β-strand115-11845
β-strand12413
Chain G: 3 helices, 14 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
β-strand2-13125
α-helix15-173
α-helix22-3413
β-strand38-3925
β-strand43-53115
β-strand58-5925
α-helix601
β-strand66-77125
β-strand84-9296
β-strand97-10046
β-strand106-10726
β-strand117-11937
β-strand128-13037
β-strand136-13727
β-strand142-14656
β-strand150-15346
β-strand156-16056
Chain H: 3 helices, 15 β-strands
ElementResiduesLengthSheet
β-strand4-15128
β-strand25-3178
β-strand38-4478
β-strand55-6178
β-strand6519
α-helix69-713
β-strand74110
β-strand8319
α-helix84-874
β-strand90-9898
β-strand101111
β-strand111112
β-strand112111
β-strand114-11858
β-strand121-12558
β-strand128112
α-helix129-1313
β-strand140-14788

6 more chain groups are not listed. Open the entry in the viewer and use the sequence panel to see them.

Molecules and chains

MoleculeChainsTypeLengthOrganismUniProt
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4Dprotein142Homo sapiensO15514 (AlphaFold model)
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC1Eprotein210Homo sapiensP19388 (AlphaFold model)
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2Fprotein127Homo sapiensP61218 (AlphaFold model)
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB7Gprotein172Homo sapiensP62487 (AlphaFold model)
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3Hprotein150Homo sapiensP52434
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9Iprotein125Homo sapiensP36954
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5Jprotein67Homo sapiensP62875
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11-aKprotein117Homo sapiensP52435
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC4Lprotein58Homo sapiensP53803
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit GRINL1AMprotein368Homo sapiensP0CAP2
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1Aprotein1970Homo sapiensP24928
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2Bprotein1174Homo sapiensP30876

2 more molecules are not listed.

Sequence of entity 1 (D), FASTA
>28JC_1 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4 (chains D)
MAAGGSDPRAGDVEEDASQLIFPKEFETAETLLNSEVHMLLEHRKQQNESAEDEQELSEV
FMKTLNYTARFSRFKNRETIASVRSLLLQKKLHKFELACLANLCPETAEESKALIPSLEG
RFEDEELQQILDDIQTKRSFQY
Sequence of entity 2 (E), FASTA
>28JC_2 DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC1 (chains E)
MDDEEETYRLWKIRKTIMQLCHDRGYLVTQDELDQTLEEFKAQSGDKPSEGRPRRTDLTV
LVAHNDDPTDQMFVFFPEEPKVGIKTIKVYCQRMQEENITRALIVVQQGMTPSAKQSLVD
MAPKYILEQFLQQELLINITEHELVPEHVVMTKEEVTELLARYKLRENQLPRIQAGDPVA
RYFGIKRGQVVKIIRPSETAGRYITYRLVQ
Sequence of entity 3 (F), FASTA
>28JC_3 DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2 (chains F)
MSDNEDNFDGDDFDDVEEDEGLDDLENAEEEGQENVEILPSGERPQANQKRITTPYMTKY
ERARVLGTRALQIAMCAPVMVELEGETDPLLIAMKELKARKIPIIIRRYLPDGSYEDWGV
DELIITD
Sequence of entity 4 (G), FASTA
>28JC_4 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB7 (chains G)
MFYHISLEHEILLHPRYFGPNLLNTVKQKLFTEVEGTCTGKYGFVIAVTTIDNIGAGVIQ
PGRGFVLYPVKYKAIVFRPFKGEVVDAVVTQVNKVGLFTEIGPMSCFISRHSIPSEMEFD
PNSNPPCYKTMDEDIVIQQDDEIRLKIVGTRVDKNDIFAIGSLMDDYLGLVS
Sequence of entity 5 (H), FASTA
>28JC_5 DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3 (chains H)
MAGILFEDIFDVKDIDPEGKKFDRVSRLHCESESFKMDLILDVNIQIYPVDLGDKFRLVI
ASTLYEDGTLDDGEYNPTDDRPSRADQFEYVMYGKVYRIEGDETSTEAATRLSAYVSYGG
LLMRLQGDANNLHGFEVDSRVYLLMKKLAF
Sequence of entity 6 (I), FASTA
>28JC_6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9 (chains I)
MEPDGTYEPGFVGIRFCQECNNMLYPKEDKENRILLYACRNCDYQQEADNSCIYVNKITH
EVDELTQIIADVSQDPTLPRTEDHPCQKCGHKEAVFFQSHSARAEDAMRLYYVCTAPHCG
HRWTE
Sequence of entity 7 (J), FASTA
>28JC_7 DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5 (chains J)
MIIPVRCFTCGKIVGNKWEAYLGLLQAEYTEGDALDALGLKRYCCRRMLLAHVDLIEKLL
NYAPLEK
Sequence of entity 8 (K), FASTA
>28JC_8 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11-a (chains K)
MNAPPAFESFLLFEGEKKITINKDTKVPNACLFTINKEDHTLGNIIKSQLLKDPQVLFAG
YKVPHPLEHKIIIRVQTTPDYSPQEAFTNAITDLISELSLLEERFRVAIKDKQEGIE
Sequence of entity 9 (L), FASTA
>28JC_9 DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC4 (chains L)
MDTQKDVQPPKQQPMIYICGECHTENEIKSRDPIRCRECGYRIMYKKRTKRLVVFDAR
Sequence of entity 10 (M), FASTA
>28JC_10 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit GRINL1A (chains M)
MCSLPRGFEPQAPEDLAQRSLVELREMLKRQERLLRNEKFICKLPDKGKKIFDSFAKLKA
AIAECEEVRRKSELFNPVSLDCKLRQKAIAEVDVGTDKAQNSDPILDTSSLVPGCSSVDN
IKSSQTSQNQGLGRPTLEGDEETSEVEYTVNKGPASSNRDRVPPSSEASEHHPRHRVSSQ
AEDTSSSFDNLFIDRLQRITIADQGEQQSEENASTKNLTGLSSGTEKKPHYMEVLEMRAK
NPVPQLRKFKTNVLPFRQNDSSSHCQKSGSPISSEERRRRDKQHLDDITAARLLPLHHMP
TQLLSIEESLALQKQQKQNYEEMQAKLAAQKLAERLNIKMRSYNPEGESSGRYREVRDED
DDWSSDEF
Sequence of entity 11 (A), FASTA
>28JC_11 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 (chains A)
MHGGGPPSGDSACPLRTIKRVQFGVLSPDELKRMSVTEGGIKYPETTEGGRPKLGGLMDP
RQGVIERTGRCQTCAGNMTECPGHFGHIELAKPVFHVGFLVKTMKVLRCVCFFCSKLLVD
SNNPKIKDILAKSKGQPKKRLTHVYDLCKGKNICEGGEEMDNKFGVEQPEGDEDLTKEKG
HGGCGRYQPRIRRSGLELYAEWKHVNEDSQEKKILLSPERVHEIFKRISDEECFVLGMEP
RYARPEWMIVTVLPVPPLSVRPAVVMQGSARNQDDLTHKLADIVKINNQLRRNEQNGAAA
HVIAEDVKLLQFHVATMVDNELPGLPRAMQKSGRPLKSLKQRLKGKEGRVRGNLMGKRVD
FSARTVITPDPNLSIDQVGVPRSIAANMTFAEIVTPFNIDRLQELVRRGNSQYPGAKYII
RDNGDRIDLRFHPKPSDLHLQTGYKVERHMCDGDIVIFNRQPTLHKMSMMGHRVRILPWS
TFRLNLSVTTPYNADFDGDEMNLHLPQSLETRAEIQELAMVPRMIVTPQSNRPVMGIVQD
TLTAVRKFTKRDVFLERGEVMNLLMFLSTWDGKVPQPAILKPRPLWTGKQIFSLIIPGHI
NCIRTHSTHPDDEDSGPYKHISPGDTKVVVENGELIMGILCKKSLGTSAGSLVHISYLEM
GHDITRLFYSNIQTVINNWLLIEGHTIGIGDSIADSKTYQDIQNTIKKAKQDVIEVIEKA
HNNELEPTPGNTLRQTFENQVNRILNDARDKTGSSAQKSLSEYNNFKSMVVSGAKGSKIN
ISQVIAVVGQQNVEGKRIPFGFKHRTLPHFIKDDYGPESRGFVENSYLAGLTPTEFFFHA
MGGREGLIDTAVKTAETGYIQRRLIKSMESVMVKYDATVRNSINQVVQLRYGEDGLAGES
VEFQNLATLKPSNKAFEKKFRFDYTNERALRRTLQEDLVKDVLSNAHIQNELEREFERMR
EDREVLRVIFPTGDSKVVLPCNLLRMIWNAQKIFHINPRLPSDLHPIKVVEGVKELSKKL
VIVNGDDPLSRQAQENATLLFNIHLRSTLCSRRMAEEFRLSGEAFDWLLGEIESKFNQAI
AHPGEMVGALAAQSLGEPATQMTLNTFHYAGVSAKNVTLGVPRLKELINISKKPKTPSLT
VFLLGQSARDAERAKDILCRLEHTTLRKVTANTAIYYDPNPQSTVVAEDQEWVNVYYEMP
DFDVARISPWLLRVELDRKHMTDRKLTMEQIAEKINAGFGDDLNCIFNDDNAEKLVLRIR
IMNSDENKMQEEEEVVDKMDDDVFLRCIESNMLTDMTLQGIEQISKVYMHLPQTDNKKKI
IITEDGEFKALQEWILETDGVSLMRVLSEKDVDPVRTTSNDIVEIFTVLGIEAVRKALER
ELYHVISFDGSYVNYRHLALLCDTMTCRGHLMAITRHGVNRQDTGPLMKCSFEETVDVLM
EAAAHGESDPMKGVSENIMLGQLAPAGTGCFDLLLDAEKCKYGMEIPTNIPGLGAAGPTG
MFFGSAPSPMGGISPAMTPWNQGATPAYGAWSPSVGSGMTPGAAGFSPSAASDASGFSPG
YSPAWSPTPGSPGSPGPSSPYIPSPGGAMSPSYSPTSPAYEPRSPGGYTPQSPSYSPTSP
SYSPTSPSYSPTSPNYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSP
TSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPS
YSPTSPNYSPTSPNYTPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPNYTPTSPNYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPT
SPSYSPSSPRYTPQSPTYTPSSPSYSPSSPSYSPASPKYTPTSPSYSPSSPEYTPTSPKY
SPTSPKYSPTSPKYSPTSPTYSPTTPKYSPTSPTYSPTSPVYTPTSPKYSPTSPTYSPTS
PKYSPTSPTYSPTSPKGSTYSPTSPGYSPTSPTYSLTSPAISPDDSDEEN
Sequence of entity 12 (B), FASTA
>28JC_12 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2 (chains B)
MYDADEDMQYDEDDDEITPDLWQEACWIVISSYFDEKGLVRQQLDSFDEFIQMSVQRIVE
DAPPIDLQAEAQHASGEVEEPPRYLLKFEQIYLSKPTHWERDGAPSPMMPNEARLRNLTY
SAPLYVDITKTVIKEGEEQLQTQHQKTFIGKIPIMLRSTYCLLNGLTDRDLCELNECPLD
PGGYFIINGSEKVLIAQEKMATNTVYVFAKKDSKYAYTGECRSCLENSSRPTSTIWVSML
ARGGQGAKKSAIGQRIVATLPYIKQEVPIIIVFRALGFVSDRDILEHIIYDFEDPEMMEM
VKPSLDEAFVIQEQNVALNFIGSRGAKPGVTKEKRIKYAKEVLQKEMLPHVGVSDFCETK
KAYFLGYMVHRLLLAALGRRELDDRDHYGNKRLDLAGPLLAFLFRGMFKNLLKEVRIYAQ
KFIDRGKDFNLELAIKTRIISDGLKYSLATGNWGDQKKAHQARAGVSQVLNRLTFASTLS
HLRRLNSPIGRDGKLAKPRQLHNTLWGMVCPAETPEGHAVGLVKNLALMAYISVGSQPSP
ILEFLEEWSMENLEEISPAAIADATKIFVNGCWVGIHKDPEQLMNTLRKLRRQMDIIVSE
VSMIRDIREREIRIYTDAGRICRPLLIVEKQKLLLKKRHIDQLKEREYNNYSWQDLVASG
VVEYIDTLEEETVMLAMTPDDLQEKEVAYCSTYTHCEIHPSMILGVCASIIPFPDHNQSP
RNTYQSAMGKQAMGVYITNFHVRMDTLAHVLYYPQKPLVTTRSMEYLRFRELPAGINSIV
AIASYTGYNQEDSVIMNRSAVDRGFFRSVFYRSYKEQESKKGFDQEEVFEKPTRETCQGM
RHAIYDKLDDDGLIAPGVRVSGDDVIIGKTVTLPENEDELESTNRRYTKRDCSTFLRTSE
TGIVDQVMVTLNQEGYKFCKIRVRSVRIPQIGDKFASRHGQKGTCGIQYRQEDMPFTCEG
ITPDIIINPHAIPSRMTIGHLIECLQGKVSANKGEIGDATPFNDAVNVQKISNLLSDYGY
HLRGNEVLYNGFTGRKITSQIFIGPTYYQRLKHMVDDKIHSRARGPIQILNRQPMEGRSR
DGGLRFGEMERDCQIAHGAAQFLRERLFEASDPYQVHVCNLCGIMAIANTRTHTYECRGC
RNKTQISLVRMPYACKLLFQELMSMSIAPRMMSV

Ligands and cofactors

IDNameFormulaCopies
ZNZinc ionZn6

Primary citation

Structure of human cytoplasmic Pol II complex explains global transcription repression by GDOWN1. Schmitzova, J., Zhan, Y., Rengachari, S. et al. Nat Commun (2026) 17. DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-76334-5 · PubMed

Other PDB entries of the same protein (UniProt O15514 (AlphaFold model), which also has an AlphaFold model), best resolution first:

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