Membrane proteins and transporters

Membrane proteins sit in the fatty lipid bilayer that surrounds every cell, where they move nutrients, pump ions, sense signals and let water through. They are hard to crystallize, so each of these structures was a major achievement. About a third of all human proteins, and a large share of drug targets, are membrane proteins.

Open Bacteriorhodopsin, a light-driven proton pump in 3D

26 structures

Bacteriorhodopsin, a light-driven proton pump1C3W
Bovine rhodopsin1F88
Human beta-2 adrenergic receptor2RH1
KcsA potassium channel1BL8
Aquaporin-1 water channel1J4N
Aquaporins were recognized by the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Peter Agre).
OmpF porin2OMF
OmpA outer membrane protein1BXW
Mouse VDAC1 mitochondrial channel3EMN
FhuA iron-siderophore transporter1BY3
Lactose permease (LacY)1PV6
Human glucose transporter GLUT14PYP
Sodium-potassium pump3B8E
SERCA calcium pump with two calcium ions1SU4
BtuCD vitamin B12 ABC transporter1L7V
Sav1866 multidrug ABC transporter2HYD
Human P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) with taxol6QEX
P-glycoprotein pumps drugs out of cells and can make tumors resistant to chemotherapy.
Human CFTR chloride channel5UAK
Mutations in CFTR cause cystic fibrosis.
NhaA sodium/proton antiporter1ZCD
Glutamate transporter homolog GltPh1XFH
LeuT, a bacterial neurotransmitter transporter homolog2A65
SecY protein-conducting channel1RHZ
Mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier1OKC
Alpha-hemolysin pore-forming toxin7AHL
Human GLUT1 (AlphaFold)P11166 (AlphaFold)
Human sodium/potassium pump alpha-1 (AlphaFold)P05023 (AlphaFold)
Human P-glycoprotein ABCB1 (AlphaFold)P08183 (AlphaFold)

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